A Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP) application that allows switches to exchange multicast group information with other GMRP switches, prune unnecessary broadcast traffic, and dynamically create and manage multicast groups. See also Multiple MAC Registration Protocol (MMRP).

A Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP) application that provides VLAN registration services. A switch can exchange VLAN configuration information with other GVRP switches, prune unnecessary broadcast and unknown unicast traffic, and dynamically create and manage VLANs. Defined by 802.1Q. See also Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol (MVRP).

A device that understands and converts between two different networking models. Since Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) has become the dominant model, gateways are not used much at this time.

See also default gateway.

A generic framework for devices to register attributes, such as VLAN identifiers and multicast group membership. See also Multiple Registration Protocol (MRP).

A tunneling protocol that encapsulates Layer 3 (L3) packets inside IP packets. GRE provides a virtual point-to-point link over an IP network. GRE is completely insecure, but provides a fast and simple way to access a remote network.

A process that allows a router whose control plane is restarting to continue forwarding traffic while recovering its state from neighboring routers. Without graceful restart, a control plane restart disrupts services provided by the router. Also called nonstop forwarding.

Broadcast request for a router’s own IP address to check whether that address is being used by another node. Used to detect IP address duplication.